National and International Ethics - Patent Rights Assignment

National and International Ethics - Patent Rights - Assignment Example 2. The Bayer should have actually not made any follow up whether its patent rights are being infringed. In this case, it was a matter of medical urgency and since the company was unable to meet the demand, it is ethical that they allow other players to come in. in this case, the Bayer should not have followed its own credo more than it seemingly did 3. It was ethical for the Bayer to threaten litigation against those thwarting its patent right. In this case, the company would have been coerced to allow other companies to manufacture similar drugs. In this case, it would have been unethical for Bayer to prevent other from manufacturing. 4. It was unethical for United States and Canada to change laws that contravenes the intellectual property rights of the Bayer Company. The best approach they would have used is to get into negotiations with the company so that they agree on the modality to solve the stalemate. As such, the two countries would have invoked the international ethical standards against the Bayer. 5. International Code of Ethics would have been the best channel to resolve this stalemate. In this case, the Bayer would have been requested to donate some of its patent right to other companies to manufacture the

Atomic Bomb Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Atomic Bomb - Research Paper Example Miscamble C.S.C  (Cambridge University Press, 192 pp.) This book focuses on the American use of the atomic bomb and how it affected the result of World War II by exploring the situation and context in which President Truman decided to use the atomic bomb. Miscamble uses archival research and latest scholarship to address the value of the decision to end the war and at the same time writes on the moral premise of such an act. The Decision to Drop the Atomic Bomb: Hiroshima and Nagasaki: August 1945 by Dennis D. Wainstok  (Westport: Praeger, 1996. x, 180 pp.) In his book Dennis D.Wainstock, a teacher at the Salem–Tieyko University in Salem, West Virginia, discusses the political aspect and the implications of President Truman’s decision in the backdrop of the last year of World War II, when the Japanese were on the brink of conditional surrender. The author uses important sources e.g. Strategic Bombing Survey interrogations of leading Japanese officials to substantiat e his argument. Atomic Tragedy: Henry L. Stimson and the Decision to use the Bomb against Japan by Sean L. Malloy Atomic Tradgedy provides a distinct outlook of the situation in World War II and the decision to drop the atomic bomb. ... In the August of 1945, towards the end of the World War II, the United States of America dropped two atomic bombs on the Japanese cities of Hiroshima and Nagasaki. The estimated loss of life within four months after the bombing were more than 80,000 in Hiroshima and 60,000 in Nagasaki, with almost half of the deaths occurring on the first day only.1 To date these bombings have been the only instance of nuclear weapon use in a war. Such an acute episode of mass killing along with its long-term radiological consequence is unprecedented in the wars of the twentieth century. In order to assess the necessity of such an act it is important to analyze the event in the military and political backdrop of the involved nations. In his book ‘The most controversial decision’ Miscamble provides a persuasive argument behind the rationale to bomb Japan. Miscamble states in the book that â€Å"the time has come at long last to explode permanently the myth of a Japan ready to surrender.à ¢â‚¬ 2Although Germany had already surrendered Japan was providing fierce resistance to the Allied forces. The Americans had suffered huge losses in the battles at Iwo Jima and Okinawa and now they had to prepare for more losses which would be incurred during the invasion of Japan. Many in America’s military regime were ready to bend their initial war aim and accept a conditional surrender by the Japanese but the latter’s minimum demand was that their emperor system should remain intact. This was unacceptable to the Americans as President Truman believed that the root of Japan’s militarism was their imperialist government. Furthermore negotiations with the Japanese would take months which would provide Japan enough time to strengthen their

Muslims Consider Prophet Muhammad a Religious and Political Role Model Essay

Muslims Consider Prophet Muhammad a Religious and Political Role Model - Essay Example n-Arab, nor does a non-Arab have any superiority over an Arab; also a white has no superiority over a black, nor does a black have any superiority over a white except by piety and good action.† The Prophet of Allah was able to establish laws that protected animals, trees and environment. On the other hand, he encouraged trade and ethical investments and secured the workers’ rights. This is why we take Muhammad as our religious role model. With regard to politics, Prophet Muhammad is regarded as a role model because of various reasons. One of the reasons is that he married numerous wives on the basis of humanitarian reasons. Prophet Muhammad is well known for the Jihad which translates to struggle in the way of Allah. The Prophet of Allah believes that we as Muslims should struggle in the ways of Allah both within ourselves and externally. The prophet of God is against anyone who stands against Islam and therefore those opposing the struggle for Allah and oppressing Islam should be persecuted. As Muslims we regard this as holy war. This is also another reason why we take Muhammad as our political role model. He convinced people to leave alcohol, prostitution, crime, drugs and He promoted healthy living (Patricia Crone Pg

Recruitment and Selection Process Essay Example for Free

Recruitment and Selection Process Essay Stages of recruitment and selection process – In a nut shell: 1. Job analysis: Determining the different aspect of a job through job description and job specification 1.1 Job description: Role within an organisation and lists the main tasks and responsibilities 1.2 Job specification: Highlights the characteristics a candidate needs for a post and the desired qualities 2. Sourcing: Attracting or identifying candidates internally or externally through advertisement (i.e. recruitment agencies, institutions, internet†¦etc) 3. Screening and selection: Assessing potential candidates, specifically, relevant skills, knowledge, aptitude, qualifications, and educational or job-related experience. Screening can be achieved by evaluating resumes and job applications, interviewing, and job-related or behavioural testing 4. On-boarding/induction: Process of helping new employees become a productive member of an organisation Definition: The process of sourcing and screening potential candidates that shares similar values and beliefs aligned with the organisation along with the desired knowledge, skills and experience to competently fulfil the defined job descriptions and specifications (Australian Human Resource Institute n.d, para. 1). Job Analysis: A job analysis is a systematic process where information regarding a job vacancy, specifically its duties and responsibilities as well as the knowledge, skills and abilities required, are collected to formulate a job description and job specification tailored to the organisation’s specific needs (HR Council n.d, para. 2) Job Description: The objective of a job description, according to HR Council (n.d), is to effectively ‘increase individual and organisational effectiveness’ by  aligning the daily duties and responsibilities of an employee with the overall mission, vision and value statement of the organisation Job Specification: Job specification, sometimes referred to as employee specification, is a written statement outlining the specific requirements demanded by an organisation including, but not limited to, characteristics, traits and qualifications that a potential candidate must possess to be considered for the position that he or she is applying for (Heathfield n.d; Management Study Guide n.d). Sourcing: According to Recruiter (n.d), sourcing is a process that ‘encompasses deep organizational talent strategy issues and in general, the practice and need to acquire human talent for any source of business need’. Sourcing can be seen as a tactic or as a strategy. When sourcing is referred to as a tactic, this often means ‘the practice of finding specialized candidates on the internet or through phone work’ (Recruiter n.d, para. 3). In contrast, sourcing as a strategy means ‘a number of different broad hiring initiatives or approaches to particular labour markets’ (Recruiter n.d, para. 5). Screening and selection: The process of screening and selection involves assessing and comparing potential candidates against a predetermined selection criteria factoring in their level of education, competencies, experience, skills and abilities and personal characteristics (ZeePedia n.d, p.82) as well as evaluating whether if their values and beliefs are compatible with the organizations overall mission, vision and values (Mayhew n.d, para. 5). Induction: Induction is a formal process where, according to Department of Human Services (2014), ‘new members of the organisation are welcomed to the organisation and given details about their position’ and introducing the hierarchy and line of communication involving the key people in the workplace (Department of Human Services 2014, para. 10). They are also  briefed on their roles, responsibilities and expectations in the daily operations. Sources: Australian Human Resource Institute n.d, RECRUITMENT AND SELECTION, Australian Human Resource Institute, retrieved 4 March 2015, HR Council n.d, Getting the Right People, HR Council, retrieved 6 March 2015, HR Council n.d, Getting the Right People, HR Council, retrieved 6 March 2015, Management Study Guide n.d, Job Description and Job Specification, Management Study Guide, retrieved 7 March 2015, Heathfield, S n.d, Job Specification, About Money, retrieved 7 March 2015, Recruiter n.d, Sourcing, Recruiter, retrieved 11 March 2015, ZeePedia n.d, SELECTION: Initial Screening, Advantages of Successful Screening, ZeePedia, retrieved 8 March 2015, Mayhew, R n.d, Methods of HR Selection Techniques, Demand Media, retrieved 8 March 2015, Department of Human Services 2014, Recruitment, selection and induction, Department of Human Services, retrieved 11 March 2015,

Failures of Capital Punishment Essay -- essays papers

Failures of Capital Punishment Is the death penalty a just way of punishing those who commit a horrible crime? The answer to that depends on the standpoint of an individual. Fox Butterfield of the New York Times notices that â€Å"In the view of some, the failure to enforce the death penalty reflects and enduring ambivalence about the capital punishment. Others say that the death penalty opponents have found ways to triumph over the public will to carry out executions.† In a capitalistic standpoint, there is the notion that it simply costs too much. There is another and more simple standpoint and that is that the death penalty is not working. This is where I personally stand on the issue. The death penalty is a just punishment for a convicted individual, but the system in the United States is not functioning properly for it to be a means of punishment. As far as deterrence goes, Amnesty international states that â€Å"studies have consistently failed to find convincing evidence that the death penalty deters crime more effectively than other punishments.† Roger Hood, an author that wrote The Death Penalty: A World-wide Perspective, Notes the UN’s research on the subject and states that â€Å" ‘Research has failed to provide scientific proof that executions have greater deterrent effect than life imprisonment and such proof is unlikely forthcoming. The evidence as a whole still gives no positive support to the deterrent hypothesis†¦.† Hood is strongly for the abolition of the death penalty. He explains that â€Å"abolition has harmful effects. In Canada, the homicide rate per 100,000 population fell from a peak of 3.09 in 1975, the year before the abolition of the death penalty for murder, to 2.41 in 1980, and since then it has remained relat... ...bolish the death penalty.† The cost issue is another standpoint opposing capital punishment. The fact that the capital punishment process has some major flaws is a good reason to think about whether or not America should incorporate it as a punishment. Sure, many people are for the idea if it, but there are too many legal issues and problems that are defeating the purpose if the death penalty. Richard Dieter, director of the Death Penalty Information Center, an anti-death penalty group, claims â€Å"that the zeal for capital punishment will eventually wane.† Once Americans realize that the capital punishment system is not perfectly functional, then change will occur. The bottleneck in the courts and jails across the country will be cleared, and the United States of America will be added to Amnesty International’s list of countries that have abolished the death penalty.

Synthesis Paper on Cell Phones Usage in School

Robert Pohlman ENG-215 Miss Sreenan June 2, 2009 My Fifteen Minutes of Fame I arrived at the Tepala Shrine Temple to play my first gig in front of a live audience with my new band â€Å"Ben Joehoff and the Cards†. I'm Robert, the lead guitarist in our four member band. I walk into the building with my shoulders back trying to exude confidence as I carry in my two guitars, a laguna and a fender Stratocaster. As soon as I'm through the door I start looking for my friends without trying to be too obvious about it. At the same time I walk slowly toward the room where all the loud band and people noises are escaping. I stop at the doorway. Glancing around the room, I see the judges at their table, the audience, and all the other band member â€Å"want-to-be's† hanging around. My eyes shift to the front of the room, to the huge stage. The stage appears as promised by the RAMI's. It is set up with everything necessary for a rock band to play professionally. I see the huge black speakers and the shiny microphones which will make us sound professional. There are lights all over, of different sizes, colors and shapes. There are lighting people, and sound people. The setup looks great and the rest is up to us. I swallow down a dry throat, trying to keep my nerves from showing. Again, I look for my friends. Suddenly, I see Mark, or â€Å"Joker†, that is his band nickname, and, then, I see the rest of my band. I give a little sigh of relief, to myself, and, I think, â€Å"They are here, this is really happening! â€Å". I grin at them, and hurry over to join them. Everyone is excited, nervous, but excited. We can't wait till it's our turn! There are several bands before us, but they play their songs way too fast. Suddenly, we're up! This is my first time. I can feel the butterflies exploding in my stomach. I take a deep breath and walk out into the lights on stage. The lights are so bright that it is hard to see anything off stage. I strum a cord on my guitar to make sure my volume is alright. Suddenly, I hear the sound of sticks! One, two, three, four! My turn, I hit the first cord and feel the rich sound. The crowd seems to like us. Some of my crazy friends are dancing to the music. Mark busts out with his crazy drum solo. The beat calms me somehow. Oh, no! My solo is coming up! I hope I don't mess up! Here, goes. I just need to concentrate on the notes. Suddenly it is over! I nailed it!!! That has to be one of the best fifteen minutes of my life!

Effects of Civil War on Women

There are several changes that the Civil War brought to civilian society and some of these are the following: First of all, the United States of America have been brought back together, which also means that the States from the Southern portions were not given the permission to break away or become independent (Effects.. , 2006). Second, the Southern areas were â€Å"placed under military rule and divided into military districts† (Effects.., 2006). This also caused these areas to â€Å"apply for readmission to the Union† (Effects.. , 2006). Third, the national or Federal government has proven itself to the civilians that its power may not at all be surpassed by the States (Effects.. , 2006). Fourth, the Civil War resulted in the liberation of slaves (Effects.. , 2006). Fifth, the Civil War established plans for the country’s â€Å"Reconstruction† (Effects.. , 2006).The â€Å"Reconstruction† was the government’s plan to deal with the following direct effects of the civil war: 1) the freedom of slaves resulted in problems with regard to housing, clothing, food, and employment; 2) the economic ruin led to having no money, closed banks, low supply of commodities, destruction of railroads and bridges, and devastation of plantation and crops; and 3) the defeat of the confederacy led to the South’s not having any government (Effects.. , 2006). Last but not least, industrialism was established because during the war, production increased, as well as, several new technologies were added (Effects.., 2006).The aforementioned became possible because of the following: 1) the freedom of slaves; 2) the economic ruin in the South; and c) the defeat of the confederacy (Effects.. , 2006). Effects of Civil War on Women During the Civil War, women were given the opportunity to assume roles that people believed only men can carry out, for instance, â€Å"as nurses, government clerks, factory workers, family farmers, factory workers, some even disguised as a man to serve in the military service, etc. † (Encarta, 2007). This was the beginning of the triumph of gender equality since this upheld the gender roles (Encarta, 2007).